Poland Considers Role in Autonomous Fighter Jet Program

Poland is exploring the possibility of participating in Shield AI's X-BAT autonomous vertical-takeoff fighter jet program. According to Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk, the California-based defense technology firm has proposed that Poland could host some manufacturing activities for the aircraft, which would mark a significant step forward in the country’s military modernization efforts. The X-BAT is touted as the world's first autonomous combat aircraft, designed with advanced artificial intelligence capabilities that enable it to operate independently in hostile environments.

Shield AI unveiled the X-BAT in October 2025, highlighting its Hivemind software—a critical component of the fighter jet’s autonomy system. This technology allows the X-BAT to function without constant communication links and to coordinate effectively with manned aircraft during missions. The company emphasizes that this innovation could provide Poland with a strategic advantage in future conflicts by enabling air dominance even under contested conditions.

Poland's interest in the X-BAT program comes at a time when the country is actively seeking to enhance its aerial combat capabilities. As part of these efforts, Warsaw is considering acquiring up to 32 new fighter jets from various manufacturers, including Lockheed Martin’s F-35 and Boeing’s F-15EX. Additionally, Poland is evaluating whether to join the Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP), a tri-nation initiative aimed at developing a next-generation sixth-generation fighter jet.

Engaging in such cutting-edge defense projects could significantly boost Poland's domestic defense industry by fostering technological innovation and expanding manufacturing capabilities within the country. Deputy State Assets Minister Konrad Gołota has indicated that participating in GCAP or similar initiatives could help Polish companies become more competitive on the global stage, while also ensuring national security through advanced military technology integration.